intent of individuals (bias). This "victimhood bias" wherein individuals ascribe noise to bias is much larger for (a … observe that both inter-ethnic contact and economic development are associated with a decline in this victimhood bias. Finally …, those with a lower victimhood bias are more likely to behave cooperatively in inter-ethnic rela-tionships. Our results …

from players with such an incentive and from neutral third parties with no incentive to bias their beliefs. We find no … difference between the two sets of beliefs, suggesting that people do not negatively bias their beliefs about a strategic …

subjective beliefs on the distribution of returns. However, the bias of these endogenous subjective beliefs induces the choice of …

-immigrant composition of poverty reduces economic in-group bias by affecting exclusionary redistributive preferences. Respondents are less … represented among the poor and natives are not as poor as believed. We also find evidence of cultural in-group bias by …