. In this paper, we explore how access to the hospital and modern medicine affects mortality. We do so by leveraging a …-supported hospital reduced infant mortality by 10%, saving one life for every $20,000 (2017 dollars) spent. Effects were larger for Black … infants (16%) than for White infants (7%), implying a reduction in the Black-White infant mortality gap by one-third. We show …

find that cities with higher levels of mortality during the Great Influenza of 1918-1919 subsequently expanded hospital … capacity by more than cities experiencing less influenza mortality: cities in the top half of the mortality distribution …

The Nordic countries have the lowest maternal and child mortality rates in the world. This has not always been the case …. In 1887 the mortality rates in Norway were similar to those of developing countries today. During the next 34 years …, Norwegian maternal mortality was halved and infant mortality fell by 40 percent. Investigating the relationship between health …

We examine the extent to which exposure to higher relative COVID-19 mortality (RM), influences health system trust (HST … the costs of complying with COVID-19 restrictions, but only so long as excess mortality does not exceed the average by …