This paper presents new evidence on how demography affects democratic attitudes in Western democracies. Using … bloc and in other countries around the world. Additional findings document that demography's effect partly captures …

stay on their baseline trajectories (taken from the European Commission’s Debt Sustainability Monitor 2023) under low-fertility …, high-fertility, low-migration and high-migration scenarios. These scenarios are provided in the Commission’s Ageing Report … growth. The effects of the low-fertility scenario kick in only in the very long run and even exceed those of low migration …

fertility rate and emigration rate are going to develop in Africa. Even modest increases in emigration from Africa would …

work effort, fertility, and the demographic transition. And it affects total factor productivity by constraining or …

fertility model that generates an endogenous demographic transition by means of distinguishing between female and male labor. We …

demographic dividend to income projections. Our findings are as follows. First, show that historically the impact of demography on … economies, like Europe and North America, towards developing and emerging economies, like South Asia and Africa. This …

Fertility has long been declining in industrialised countries and the existence of public pension systems is considered … which a public pension system depresses fertility. Our theoretical framework highlights that the effect of a public pension … system on fertility works via the impact of contributions in such a system on disposable income as well as via the impact on …

We provide, for the first time, a detailed and comprehensive overview of the demography of more than 50,000 towns …, villages, and manors in 1871 Prussia. We study religion, literacy, fertility, and group segregation by location type (town … it is in villages and manors. Finally, a larger share of Jews is associated with lower fertility in towns, which is not …

administrative vital statistics, we find that birth control clinics accounted for 5.0-7.8% of the overall fertility decline until …