effect on the adopters' employment and on the value-added and average wage, whereas sales and productivity increase after an … initial drop with a net positive effect five years after adoption. Crucially, the employment effect is heterogeneous across … technologies has an overall negative effect on aggregate employment. …

supply on automation innovation by exploiting an immigrant placement policy in Germany during the 1990s and 2000s. Difference …-in-differences estimates indicate that one additional worker per 1,000 manual and unskilled workers reduces automation innovation by 0 …-skilled workers. Labor market tightness and external demand are plausible mechanisms for the labor-innovation nexus. …

Productivity. We endogenize the accrual of the R&D stocks by estimating an R&D investment function. We find that the marginal …

-related structural change, and labor demand as a highly reactive decision parameter is an ideal measure to detect employment adjustments …

industries. The same pattern shows up in the three Dutch Community Innovation Surveys. …

exposure to these automation technologies affects employment and wages across these different phases of their life cycle. We … find that the negligible long term impact of automation on employment conceals significant short term positive and negative … effects within phases of the technology life cycle. We also find that the negative impact of ICT investment on employment is …

productivity in the rest of the economy. To separate exogenous gains in ICT from other technological progress, we use the relative …

-augmenting technical change on relative and absolute factor prices can be decomposed into a productivity effect and a task-demand effect of …

measure of technology penetration, we estimate changes in regional employment and wages affected by automation technologies …