We study how occupations shape individual and aggregate retirement behavior. First, we document large differences in … individual retirement ages across occupations in U.S. data. We then show that retirement behavior among European workers is … strongly correlated with U.S. occupational retirement ages, indicating an inherent association between occupations and …

We investigate the responsiveness of individual retirement decisions to changes in financial incentives. A reform … increased women's normal retirement age (NRA) in two steps from age 62 to age 63 first and then to age 64. At the same time … retirement at the previous NRA became possible at a benefit discount. Since the reform affected specific birth cohorts we can …

relevance of the labor demand component in retirement decisions, we consider a trade liberalization between Switzerland and the … early retirement behavior in three periods (pre-liberalization, announcement, and implementation) for three groups of … retirement in MRA is not explained by more firms' exits, nor by more early retirement among the exiting firms. It is rather the …

examine a generous partial retirement reform in Germany that led to a massive increase in early retirement. Using county …

We study how social security influences the retirement behavior of couples. First, we exploit over two decades of full …-population data and a discontinuity design to document sizable retirement spillovers to spouses when individuals reach pension … joint retirement, which is driven by older spouses working longer. Accounting for these age differences reveals a strong …

retirement age (FRA) of individuals with a long contribution history by up to two years and framed the new FRA as reference age … for retirement. Using administrative data from public pension insurance accounts, we first document a substantial bunching … individuals neither have poorer health nor are more likely to be liquidity-constrained than individuals in the control group. Our …

The health status of people is a precious commodity and central to economic, socio-political, and environmental … the portrait of immigrants and natives. In this paper we are concerned with international migration and health outcomes in … insights into the Healthy Immigrant Paradox and the health assimilation of immigrants as we also elucidate selection and …

In this paper, we develop a life cycle model in which health and longevity are threatened by infectious and chronic … diseases. The model captures that the susceptibility and severity of infectious diseases depend on the accumulated health … deficits (immunosenescence) and that the life history of infections affects the accumulation of chronic health deficits …

socioeconomic disparities in health outcomes. We also explore the individual-specific effects of Long Covid. We develop and … calibrate a health economic model based on principles of the biology of human aging that captures the interaction between … infections and chronic health deficits. Our analysis suggests that neglecting this interaction leads to a gross underestimation …