information on the export and import value by firm, country, product and year for the period 2011-2019. Problems arising from the … strong positive correlations between and within importing and exporting margins, supporting the presence of firm …

measure to evaluate processing frictions is the time it takes to import. In this paper we translate import processing times to … buffer processing shocks. Based on this theory, we employ detailed data on import processing dates, instrumental variables …, and firm-product-origin level import data to estimate import processing costs. Evaluated at the median, import processing …

interest is the difference in matched partner trade statistics, i.e., the extent to which the recorded export value in the … source country deviates from the reported import value in the destination country. Analyzing 4-digit product level data for …