. China's contiguous geography allows bureaucrats to establish an autocratic tax system whereas Europe's split geography …Eric Jones has found that excessive taxes were detrimental for pre-modern China's economic growth whereas moderate … taxes were conducive for Europe's economic growth. This paper provides a political-economic answer to the question why these …

Western Europe. An important factor, recognized in the literature, is that China centralized state institutions very early on … different social organizations (clans in China, corporate structures in Europe) that spread in these two societies at the turn …This paper discusses the historical and social origins of the bifurcation in the political institutions of China and …

compensate firms for international labor cost differentials. Using panel data for western Europe, we then put the model … in eastern Europe, we find strong support for the model prediction that countries with relatively high labor costs tend …

A reasonable future for Europe can only be achieved if two essential elements are fulfilled: Firstly, newly established …