Starting from the premise that productivity is heterogeneous across firms, Melitz (2003) explains why individual … productivity is key in determining the capability of a firm to export. In this paper we build a model along Melitz's lines to show … international markets. We show that firms with low productivity may still be able to penetrate foreign markets provided they have …

inward trade barriers affect productivity. The production function of Brazilian manufacturers is estimated at the ISIC3 two …-digit level under various alternatives, including an extension of Olley and Pakes' (1996) procedure. Firm-level productivity is … inferred and then related to trade. Findings suggest that (1) foreign competition pressures firms to raise productivity …

job destruction in low-productivity firms and job creation in high-productivity firms. In contrast, the net effect of … reductions in Chinese input tariffs is limited to job destruction in low-productivity ordinary exporters. …

output and average productivity, with stronger positive productivity effects for newly imported intermediate inputs. However …

rest of the world relative to the status quo. However, there is substantial heterogeneity across the 134 geographical …