This paper traces the 11,000 year evolution of infrastructure systems during major periods of innovation, expansion and … positive feedback between early capital market development and investment in infrastructure innovations that lowered system …-wide transaction costs has been a critical factor in sustaining growth since 1800. The paper sets out a model of infrastructure …

This paper studies the causal effect of transport infrastructure on the spatial concentration of economic activity …

by NGOs and researchers alike. This study investigates the impacts of private forest plantations on local infrastructure … regression model with observations of the size and quality of infrastructure and social services in the villages and with … infrastructure and social services in adjacent villages. The results suggest that large-scale private forest plantations can …

related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Results show that more prosperous states and states with more elderly and physicians have …

countries with a higher degree of public corruption before the pandemic have been less successful in the vaccination of their …

The COVID-19 pandemic and its mobility restrictions have been an external shock, influencing wellbeing. However, does … differential timing of the effect of the pandemic across European countries, and the different stringency of lockdown to examine … lockdown took effect. However, such effects are wiped out when a country exhibits high mortality ('pandemic category 5'). Hence …

Although enrollment at California’s four-year public universities mostly remained unchanged by the pandemic, the …. This paper provides a detailed analysis of how the pandemic impacted the enrollment patterns, fields of study, and academic … dropped precipitously during the pandemic – the total number of enrolled students fell by 11 percent from fall 2019 to fall …

partner's economic support policies. Moreover, to the extent that public interventions to fight the pandemic affect financial …