The risk of recurrent outbreaks following the main waves of a pandemic has been acknowledged. We provide evidence of … the scale and duration of this outbreak risk. We compile municipal public health records and use national data to model … eight major UK cities, we find elevated mortality risk that persists for nearly two decades. The generality of the findings …

We measure the economic risk of COVID-19 at a geo-spatially detailed resolution. In addition to data about the current … prevalence of confirmed cases, we use data from 2014-2018 and a conceptual disaster risk model to compute measures for exposure …, vulnerability, and resilience of the local economy to the shock of the epidemic. Using a battery of proxies for these four concepts …

In this paper we review recent advances in financial economics in relation to the measurement of systemic risk. We … start by reviewing studies that apply traditional measures of risk to financial institutions. However, the main focus of the …. Applications of these techniques for the analysis and pricing of systemic risk has already provided significant benefits at least …