This paper models the strategic interaction between a rating agency, a bank and a bank regulator who lacks information … about bank asset risk. The regulator can either (1) make bank capital requirements contingent on credit ratings; or (2) set … constrain high risk bank investment without simultaneously reducing overall investment volume. However, if collusion between the …

Limited liability and asymmetric information between an investment bank and its lenders provide an incentive for a bank …

conditions, credit default and bank capitalization for the transmission of macroeconomic shocks. We fit the model to euro area … empirical literature, i.e. the pro-cyclicality of bank profitability and the counter-cyclical response of firm default rates and …

coordinated ones when governments care equally about bank profits, taxpayers, and consumers. …

choose their portfolio risk, bank size, and capital holdings. Banks voluntarily hold equity when the buffer effect against … larger, choose riskier portfolios, and have less equity. Binding capital requirements or levies on bank borrowing are shown …

balance the benefits of the provision of liquidity services by bank deposits with the costs of bankruptcy. The risk in the …