year of a gubernatorial election, the elasticity of investment to the eventual margin of victory is 0.027. Both the …

This paper documents that surprise election outcomes - measured as deviations between realised vote shares and expected … vote shares based on a newly constructed dataset of opinion polls and party and candidate vote shares close to election day … higher surprise is associated with a 0.37 percentage point lower year-on-year growth rate one year after the election. These …

This paper investigates how direct election regimes (à la presidential democracy) affect the selection of women into … that direct election regimes ease the selection of competent politicians into office. …

design that exploits the 2010 constitutional reform in Kenya, which substantially increased the number of primary …

between two potential policy outcomes of an election participate in large-scale elections when voting is costly? Using a … is costly and the voter has no monetary stake in the election outcome. In our sample, we observe that at least fourteen … they have no pecuniary interest in the election outcome. …

parties allow like-minded citizens to, first, share the cost of running in a public election and, second, coordinate on a …