. Domestic innovation is measured as citation-weighted domestic patents filed at the European Patent Office (EPO): to account for … to patent at the EPO. Results show that, in the short-run, IPR stimulate innovation. The effect for developing countries …

the optimal mix of patent and trade secrets when the innovator faces a strict novelty requirement and can only patent a … innovator can successively patent different fragments of the process. We compare a regime with prior user rights, when the …

.S. "exhausts" all rights of the patentee to that item under the Patent Act. This decision goes against the Government's position … that a foreign sale authorized by the U.S. patentee should exhaust U.S. patent rights by default unless the patentee … subjects the firms that source in the South and sell in the North to the risk of a patent infringement lawsuit but allows the …

patentability standards at PTOs (Patent and Trademark Offices awarding so-called bad patents), not only "false innovators" have the … chance of being granted patents but also, and more interestingly, "true innovators" are forced to patent more intensively … distortions caused by bad patents. Moreover, we show that introducing a two-tiered patent system is unlikely to improve market …

We investigate how international patent activity enables firms from emerging economies to thrive in the global … marketplace. We match Chinese customs data to US patent records, and leverage the quasi-random assignment of USPTO patent … examiners to identify the causal effect of a US patent grant on the subsequent export performance of Chinese firms. Successful …

This paper provides a first comprehensive quantitative analysis of optimal patent policy in the global economy. We … application delivers three main results. First, the potential gains from international cooperation over patent policies are large …

We study the causal impact of invalidating marginally valid patents during post-grant opposition at the European Patent … participation of a patent's original examiner in the opposition division as an instrument. We find a disciplinary effect of … invalidation: Affected inventors file 20% fewer patent applications in the decade after the decision. This effect is entirely …

strong, positive impact of policy and globalization on cross-border patent flows, especially from North to South. A … counterfactual welfare analysis suggests that the increase in patent flows from North to South has benefited both regions, with South …

treatment. After describing the determination of national policies in a non-cooperative regime of patent protection, we ask, Why … are patents longer in the North? We also study international patent agreements by deriving the properties of an efficient … global regime of patent protection and asking whether harmonization of patent policies is necessary or sufficient for global …