In this paper, we develop a network perspective on the welfare gains from trade in today's internationally fragmented …

, Europe, and Oceania for the period from 1870 to 2000 and demonstrate an overriding role for declining trade costs in the pre-World … War I trade boom. In contrast, for the post-World War II trade boom we identify changes in output as the dominant force …

and empirically the influence of variable and fixed export costs in explaining the likely heterogeneity in the trade … motivate theoretically the roles of variable trade costs and of fixed and variable export costs, respectively, for explaining … extensive product margins (with or without network effects and with an untruncated Pareto distribution in the Melitz model …

model of world trade and foreign direct investment with three factors, two products, and explicit natural as well as policy …

The paper is devoted to an econometric analysis of learning foreign languages in all parts of the world. Our sample … learning while the world population of speakers of the native language generally discourages it. Trade with speakers of a … other three key variables (literacy rate, linguistic distance, and world population of native speakers) because its …