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This study explores the effect of parallel imports (PIs) when the producer may discriminate repair and maintenance services against PI units. This service discrimination weakens intrabrand competition and reduces the degree of price convergence between countries. If the producer makes costly...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011789003
We combine a model of combined inter-spatial and inter-temporal trade between countries recently used by Huang, Whalley and Zhang (2004) to analyze the merits of trade liberalization in services when goods trade is restricted with a model of foreign exchange rationing due to Clarete and Whalley...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10002856541
) existence can also be an issue. Here we use numerical simulation methods. We first consider world with service trade autarky in … removing period by period budget constraints for domestic consumers. In such a world, if nonzero tariffs apply to spatial trade … ongoing tariff negotiations. We then expand the model to capture a more complex world where costly intermediation services can …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10002758041
We examine the extent to which financial sanctions imposed by Germany through its European Union and United Nations commitments cause collateral damage on Germany's trade in goods and services. Financial sanctions reduce Germany's inflows and outflows of financial assets, as well as imports and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014336477
WTO negotiations deal predominantly with bound - besides applied - tariff rates. But, how can reductions in tariffs ceilings, i.e. tariff rates that no exporter may ever actually be confronted with, generate market access? The answer to this question relates to the effects of tariff bindings on...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003910492
Do the U.S. have a current account surplus or a deficit with the EU? Since 2009, official sources disagree: The U.S. Department of Commerce claims a consistent U.S. surplus while Eurostat reports the opposite. International transactions are notoriously difficult to measure accurately, but the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012065058
Traditional gravity models posit an inverse relationship between geographical distance and bilateral trade due to increased transportation costs. However, recent literature suggests that bilateral service trade may increase between two countries located at an appropriate geographical distance....
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015049044
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003597976
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003498651
In this paper we show that price equalization alone is not sufficient to determine the barriers to international trade. There are many barrier combinations that deliver price equalization, but each combination implies a different volume of trade. We demonstrate this first theoretically in a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009700288