to shocks, the degree of urbanization and specialization. We take the Great Recession, the economic and financial crisis … period, we find that the degree and nature of regional urbanization and specialization are important drivers of the …

Individuals urbanize when the net benefits to urbanization exceed rural living conditions. Body mass, height, and … urban females, and urban females may not have been affected as much as males by urbanization. …

This study argues that urbanization changed the relationship between the occupation of candidates running in … parliamentary elections and their electoral success. To identify local-level variation in urbanization, we leverage exogenous … suggest that urbanization was detrimental to the electoral success of lawyers but beneficial to that of employees and workers …

Tall buildings are central to facilitating sustainable urbanization and growth in cities worldwide. We estimate average …

The Black Death killed 40% of Europe's population between 1347-1352, making it one of the largest shocks in the history …

We investigate the determinants of the fertility decline in Europe from 1830 to 1970 using a newly constructed dataset … new fertility behavior from French-speaking regions to the rest of Europe. We observe that societies with higher education …, lower infant mortality, higher urbanization, and higher population density had lower levels of fertility during the 19th and …

through accessible data sets. Our predictions include an U-shaped relationship between the well-known measures of urbanization …

n this paper we determine the main driving forces underlying the structural transformation and urbanization process in … barriers played in China's growth and urbanization. We find that the primary drivers for real per capita GDP growth are … migration cost reduction and skill accumulation. While trade liberalization is important for urbanization during the transition …