Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) protect firms from imitation and are considered crucial to promote innovation and …

countries can simultaneously use patent boxes and R&D subsidies to promote innovation. We show that when countries set their tax … policies unilaterally, innovation is fostered, at the margin, only by the R&D subsidy. The patent box tax rate is instead …

linked fields. Our analysis uses 1.8 million U.S. patents and their citation properties to map the innovation network and its … strength. Past innovation network structures are calculated using citation patterns across technology classes during 1975 … predictive power on future innovation after 1995. This pattern is consistent with the idea that when there is more past upstream …

may even reduce welfare. The reason is that it crowds out proprietary innovation which on net may reduce total innovation … in the long run. These effects would be reinforced if philanthropical innovation diverted people from other productive …

Does access to information and communication technologies (ICT) increase innovation? We examine this question by …