With the availability of international value added trade data it has become evident that gross export data and value …

and empirically the influence of variable and fixed export costs in explaining the likely heterogeneity in the trade … motivate theoretically the roles of variable trade costs and of fixed and variable export costs, respectively, for explaining … variables, capturing variable and fixed export costs. Fourth, we show that such estimated heterogeneous effects can predict 83 …

and ongoing European debt crisis, advance economies that are principal export markets of South and Southeast Asia …