We study the impact of grandparental retirement decisions on family members' labor supply and child outcomes by … causes adult daughters with young children to work half an hour less. Daughters without children, with older children and … penalty. Test score effects are positive for children aged 4-7 (substitution from grandparental to maternal care), and …

opportunity costs for raising children. Indeed, we show that children exposed to kindergartens were less likely to work during … that exposure to kindergartens particularly helped immigrant children from non-English-speaking countries to gain English …

parents inside the family. We use data from the World Value Survey to construct a country-specific measure of the value …

Public policies often target individuals but within-family externalities of such interventions are understudied. Using … a regression discontinuity design, we document how a third grade retention policy affects both the target children and … their younger siblings. The policy improves test scores of both children while the spillover is up to 30% of the target …

What happens to children's long-run cognitive development when introducing universal high-quality childcare for 3-year … difference-in-difference approach. We find sizable improvements in children's reading and math skills at age 15, as well as in … grade progression during primary and secondary school. Effects are driven by girls and disadvantaged children. -- universal …

. This pattern of reverse selection on gains is driven by unobserved family background characteristics: children from … children with lower (observed and unobserved) gains are more likely to select into child care than children with higher gains … disadvantaged backgrounds are less likely to attend child care than children from advantaged backgrounds but have larger treatment …

Children with lower socioeconomic status (SES) tend to benefit more from early child care, but are substantially less … care for lower-SES children. In our RCT in Germany with highly subsidized child care (n > 600), treated families receive …