This paper shows that governments have no incentive to introduce non-tariff barriers when they are free to set tariffs … but they do when tariffs are determined cooperatively. We then show three results. First, with trade liberalization, there … is a progression from u sing tariffs only to quotas, and to antidumping constraints (when quotas are jointly eliminated …

location patterns of multinational firms has actually taken place. To do so, we exploit the changes in U.S. import tariffs in … 2018-2019. The evidence indicates that firms have indeed responded to these new tariffs by adjusting the extensive margin …

iceberg trade costs. We introduce revenue-generating import tariffs, which act as demand shifters, into the framework of …Recent quantitative trade models treat import tariffs as pure cost shifters so that their effects are similar to … quantification based on countries observed degrees of openness, tariff revenues, and on the gravity elasticities of tariffs and …

WTO negotiations deal predominantly with bound - besides applied - tariff rates. But, how can reductions in tariffs … from the real options literature; doing so we highlight the important role of bound tariffs at the extensive margin of … trade. We find that bound tariffs are more effective with higher risk destination markets, that a large binding overhang may …

structural model of endogenous tariff evasion, one which then highlights the importance of both tariffs and border enforcement …

-country, dynamic general equilibrium model with financial frictions, climate policies, including carbon tariffs, and macroprudential … back. We also examine more ambitious climate architectures involving carbon tariffs or a global carbon price. We find that …