Hashimoto, Ken'ichi; Ono, Yoshiyasu; Schlegl, Matthias - 2020
economy permanently operates below capacity due to both structural unemployment and underemployment. The latter is a direct … demand and supply shocks are opposite to those of the standard case and result in a co-movement of unemployment and … explain movements of unemployment and underemployment in opposite directions. Finally, we show that fluctuations in the total …