Using a data set of highly cited researchers in all fields of science, we show that the gapin scientific performance between Europe, especially continental Europe, and the USAis large. We model the number of highly cited researchers in a sample of countries as afunction of physical and human...

Under income-differentiated mortality, poverty measures reflect not only the "true" poverty, but, also, the interferences or noise caused by the survival process at work. Such interferences lead to the Mortality Paradox: the worse the survival conditions of the poor are, the lower the measured...