In this rejoinder, the author first responds to the discussion in Cooper, Froeb, O’Brien, and Vita’s “Reply to Winter†of a technical point, the relationship between retailer incentives and retailer margins, and then sets out their...

Cooper, Froeb, O’Brien, and Vita argue that (1) economic theory, especially post-Chicago theory, provides little in the way of unambiguous predictions of when vertical restraints are pro-competitive versus anticompetitive, forcing antitrust decisions to rely mainly on prior...