This paper uses data on individual wages in manufacturing industry for five African countries in the early 1990s to test whether firms owned by foreigners pay higher wages than do forms owned by locals for apparently equivalent workers, and whether such benefits accrue to all or only certain...

This paper uses data on individual earnings in manufacturing industry for five African countries in the early 1990s to test whether firms located in the capital city pay higher earnings than do firms located elsewhere, and whether such benefits accrue to all or only certain types of workers....

Charitable giving increasingly requires recipients to undertake costly prior action. A common justification is that willingness to undertake costly actions signals greater productivity from transfers. We demonstrate that, if the distribution of recipient types is unknown, recipient costs...