Overall, protection in goods and services now appears modest in developed and developing countries, but there are a number of products where protection remains high and liberalization could bring important benefits to developing countries. In absolute terms the greatest gains for developing...

Agricultural policies have important effects, positive and negative, on the poor, and the developing countries as a whole are expected to make important welfare gains from liberalization of agricultural trade and production. However, a quantitative assessment of the proposals in the current WTO...

This study empirically examines a connection between non-tariff measures (NTMs) and trade response at a micro level. It investigates the mechanism, drivers and speed of adjustment to a battery of sanitary and phytosanitary measures and technical barriers to trade. It uses an administrative...