Alfred Marshall is most famous for his contribution to the neoclassical thought than to the evolutionary one. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the theoreticallegimacy of the biological metaphor in the writings of Alfred Marshall

We study the willingness of some authors, including H. Varian in the 70’s, to elaborate a theory of justice that would fit standard general equilibrium theory in its Pareto’s canonical version. We first show, through an analysis of market socialism in the 30’s, that the Paretian ethic is...

This article contributes to the explanation of the methodological differences between Cournot and Walras when these authors apply mathematics to economics. Our article explains the reasons behind Cournot’s refusal when Walras required him to write an article, which advocates the application of...

Poverty was an ubiquitous theme in the literature of the beginning of the 19th century, and its analysis shifted from political or charitable perspectives to embrace a young science, namely the political economy. Stendhal’s example shows how political economy had become the only legitimate...

Competition is a keyword in the works of Maurice Allais. From analytical point of view, competition, as differentiated sector with multiple enterprises under perfect competition, coexist with a non-differentiated sector with single nationalized company. Moreover, competition is not spontaneous...

Hahn's (1982) influential critique of Sraffa (1960) crucially rests on his conclusion that "the only falsifiable entailment of the Sraffa equations is the postulate of a uniform rate of profit". This paper argues that the uniformity of the rates of profit in Sraffa’s system is not an...

First, R. Hilferding use a theoretical Marxist device maked poorer. But a story which overestimates the role of the banks and the monopolies brings R. Hilferding to release starting assumptions and make new contributions unfortunately unknown: monopolies behaviour based on barriers at the entry,...

The chapter on Money in the Grundrisse shows clearly that the presentation of the nature, properties and functions of money is opposed to the monetary theory of Utopian socialism. Marx emphasizes easily that the exchange value spontaneously objectifies itself in a money distinct from the...

This paper presents an alternative to both Sraffa’s and his critics’ interpretations of the nature of Ricardo’s search for an ‘invariable measure of value’. It points out that Ricardo recognised two causes of change in the relative values of commodities: (i) changes in the labour...

We analyze a series of macroeconometric models developed in the years of high theory by Marschak, Frisch and Leontief. These models share an explanation of growth, cycles and fluctuations (“economic change”), based on the analysis of the circulation of capital goods among producers. They...