. However, using cointegration techniques, we obtain price elasticities that are 30 to 50% lower. The short run elasticity with … techniques indicate an income elasticity around 0.9. Our results underline the importance of controlling for the expansion of the …

gasohol (mandatory blend of gasoline and ethanol) and ethanol prices operate in a symmetric manner over ethanol demand …

that Brent crude oil and Zeebrugge natural gas forward prices play a prominent role in the Spanish electricity price …The purpose of this study is to investigate the causal linkages between the Spanish electricity, Brent crude oil and … Zeebrugge (Belgium) natural gas 1-month-ahead forward prices. Following Lütkepohl et al. (2004), we control for the presence of …

the sustainability of heterogeneous competitive strategies. This paper examines the prices submitted to the British … wholesale electricity market by four coal-fired plants, separately owned, approximately of the same age, size and efficiency …