The intergenerational welfare effects of government deficits are examined in a simple life-cycle economy which can borrow at given interest rates and import at given prices but has unexploited market power in exports. Despite perfect capital market integration, a deficit-financed tax cut to the...

This paper examines the conditions under which the social opportunity cost of capital in a tax distorted economy is equal to the gross of tax return to capital plus the excess of the market over the shadow wage bill. Whenever public investment serves as an unpriced (or underpriced) input in the...

This paper highlights the role of export demand conditions in determining the real cost of external funding for a country that has unrestricted access to fu nding from the international capital market at a predetermined real i nterest rate. If such a country enters into a free trade arrangement...

Lower world energy prices may reduce the overall rate of return to capital and slow down the rate of capital formation and GDP growth in a new energy-importing economy even if capital and energy are complementary inputs in 95 percent or more of the economy that uses energy as an input. Whether...