We investigate optimal taxsubsidy policies in mixed and private oligopolies with excess burden of taxation. We compare the optimal subsidies and the resulting welfare levels among four regimes: mixed and private Cournot duopolies and Stackelberg competition with public and private leaderships....

We investigate a mixed market where a state-owned welfare-maximizing public firm competes against profit-maximizing private firms. We use a circular city model with quantity-setting competition. In contrast to a pure market case discussed by Pal (1998a), spatial agglomeration of private firms...

I investigate the effect of exclusive territories, which are typical vertical controls imposed by upstream firms. Using shipping spatial models, I consider an industry that consists of many independent local markets. An upstream monopolist restricts competition between downstream firms using...