A linear version of the Almost Ideal Demand System and the Multinomial Linear Logit Model are used to estimate Indonesia's food demand system in order to support policy analysis for Indonesia's five-year plan. The resulting estimated elasticities vary significantly across economic levels. These...

Food-pricing policy, for rice in particular, is central to the Indonesian development strategy for agriculture. The rice-pricing policy has the dual roles of providing incentive to producers to regulate production and moderating consumer demand. This policy and the effective administration of...

Empirical analysis, based on a general dynamic Almost Ideal Demand System, shows the commonly used autoregressive and partial adjustment processes are restrictive to meat demand data. This study derives a linear specification in levels form to investigate dynamics in a general framework. Merging...

Approaches to the specification of demand systems and the estimation of demand parameters have expanded considerably during recent years (Blundell, 1988). Available empirical estimates have been based on time-series, cross-section, and time-series of cross-section data on individuals, households...

To identify the winners and the losers from the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in agriculture, it is necessary to know which countries will be required to reduce which subsidies by what amounts. Rules that seem fair may actually impose very different future obligations on the...

Three measure commonly used to evaluate the consumer welfare implications of a policy change are reviewed. The notion of consumer surplus is dealt with first, followed by an assessment of the concepts of compensating variation and equivalent variation. The relationships among the three concepts...

The Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) negotiations is deadlocked on the issue of agricultural policy reform. Although broad consensus has been reached regarding replacing all nontariff trade barriers with "equivalent tariffs," agreement on the questions of...

A dynamic multicountry, multicommodity model is used to evaluate the impact of a moderate General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) agreement. The terms of this agreement are as follows. 1) Export subsidy quantities (using annual and price wedges) are reduced by 50 percent from the 1986-88...

This paper provides an overview of the Uruguay Round of GATT negotiations, along with a discussion of the key elements of the final Agreement on Agriculture (market access, domestic support, and export competition), the nature of the exemptions available to developing countries, and exemption...

The Uruguay Round is the eighth round of multilateral trade negotiations (MTN) under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The previous seven rounds produced significant reductions in tariffs on manufactured goods, but little or no progress was made in opening international markets...