Using a primary school curricular standard basic mathematics competence test, this paper documents the low level of student achievement amongst 10-18 year old rural children in Bangladesh and tests the extent to which years spent in school increases learning. Our sample includes children...

There is an inherent tension between implementing organizations — which have specific objectives and narrow missions and mandates — and executive organizations — which provide resources to multiple implementing organizations. Ministries of finance/planning/budgeting allocate across...