of chronic poverty and vulnerability. In this paper we seek empirically and theoretically to understand the dynamics of … does chronic poverty foster patterns of adverse incorporation in GPNs for poor workers and producers? Secondly, to what … workers are incorporated, be said to produce and reproduce chronic poverty? We focus here on the worst forms of adverse …

This paper considers the impact of cash transfer programmes for the old in Brazil and South Africa on poverty among … unconditional estimates of the poverty reduction capacity of these programmes. The paper finds that non-contributory pensions have a … measurable and significant impact upon poverty reduction and poverty prevention in the two countries studied …

Brazil's inequalities in welfare and poverty across and within regions can be accounted for by differences in household …

The small-area estimation technique developed for producing poverty maps has been applied in a large number of …-area estimation methodology could significantly over-state the precision of local-level estimates of poverty, if underlying … conditions that have been argued to be essential for the method, confidence intervals for the poverty estimates also appear to be …

the role of early parenthood, child labor, and poverty in pushing teenagers out of school. The potential endogeneity of …. Extreme poverty is another factor lowering school attendance, as children who have suffered hunger at some point in their …

Brazil's slow pace of poverty reduction over the last two decades reflects both low growth and a low growth elasticity … of poverty reduction. Using GDP data disaggregated by state and sector for a twenty-year period, this paper finds … considerable variation in the poverty-reducing effectiveness of growth-across sectors, across space, and over time. Growth in the …

connected poverty trends. The main focus of the authors is understanding, for the case of Brazil, how a trade shock interacts … with these structural forces and ascertaining whether it enhances or hinders medium-term poverty reduction. In particular …, they consider the interactions between the migration of labor out of agriculture, a potentially important poverty reduction …

). Poverty incidence also followed an inverted U-curve over the past quarter century, rising from 0.30 in 1981 to 0.33 in 1993 … social assistance transfers targeted to the poor; and a possible decline in racial inequality. Although poverty dynamics … substantial contribution to poverty reduction. …

household labor income and poverty in Brazil. The authors first estimate the extent of price transmission from world markets to …