As millions of urban residents in the majority world attain middle-class status, there is not only a great deal of ambiguity as to what exactly being middle class is, but also an occlusion of many efforts residents themselves have made to attain this status. Because multiple routes have been...

The apparently constitutive structures of urban life and its surfaces are assembled in complex relationships of mutual implication and divergence that envision and stabilize urban life into vastly uneven patterns of capacity. Still, the built and social forms that urban dwellers rely upon to...