The study applies two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) and bootstrap to estimate the Profit Efficiency (PE) and its factors for Indian bank groups. Recognizing the heterogeneity in the bank sizes, we perform DEA to estimate PE for small, medium, and large banks across different ownership....

Exchange rate volatility has been identified as one of the drivers of export diversification. Previous studies have assumed a symmetric relationship between the two variables. However, because volatility could be positive or negative and economic agents react to these changes differently, recent...