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bounds test to cointegration and the Toda and Yamamoto Granger causality tests. The results show that trade openness has …
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series data from 1996-2015. The study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag bounds testing approach to cointegration and …
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2020 using the ARDL cointegration method. The results reveal that FDI, the interactive variable of FDI and trade openness …
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The purpose of this paper is to estimate the dynamic impact of trade openness on economic growth in Botswana using the ARDL bounds testing approach. The study employs four different proxies for trade openness, which include trade-based measures and a composite index. The trade-based measures...
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cointegration to estimate the long-run relationship between G7 stock prices and macroeconomic variables over the last 40 years. We …
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