There is a growing interest for joint interpretations (JIs) of international investment agreements (IIAs) by state parties. Correct legal characterization of the vast array of JIs is critical to their proper use by tribunals in interpreting IIAs. This Perspective argues that a streamlined...

FDI can support sustainable development, but benefits are not automatic. This Perspective explores public policy considerations to increase the positive impacts of FDI - ranging from policy coherence, regulatory balance and smart use of tax incentives to the role of investment promotion agencies...

The draft text for an Investment Facilitation for Development Agreement does not define the term "investment." If negotiators wish to define said term, they should take guidance from the WTO rule book. It characterizes trade-related investment as a business or professional establishment by a WTO...

This Perspective considers the lessons that can be drawn from existing ISDS provisions for conciliation and mediation, and suggests improvements that can be made to future ISDS provisions. It also recommends that institutions produce guidance or templates to facilitate mediation or conciliation...

The benefits of an Investment Facilitation for Development Agreement need not wait for ratification by all signatories or approval from all WTO members. Early implementation can be realized through provisions in signatories' GATT and GATS commitment schedules.