introduced bans on ethnic or - in more general terms - particularistic parties. Such party bans have been neglected in research …, and this paper engages in a preliminary analysis of their effects on democracy and peace. Theoretically, particularistic … party bans can block particularisms from entering politics but also run the risk of forcing groups to resort to extra …

individuals' party identification. Consistent with the deprivation theory, we find strong and robust evidence that subjective job …

with such parties. Using case studies, it traces the origins of the party bans in Tanzania and Uganda and explores the …

between the demand for redistribution and individuals' party identification …

individuals' support for government intervention and their party identification. This result provides indirect evidence on the …

on China have examined the relationship between Communist Party membership and earnings and found a positive correlation … estimate the causal effect of Chinese Communist Party membership on monthly earnings in China. We find that, on average …, membership in the Communist Party of China increases monthly earnings and the wage premium has grown in recent years. We explore …