The social security system in the People's Republic of China is experiencing dramatic changes. This paper examines the characteristics of the pre-reform social security system in the People's Republic of China with respect to the old-age insurance, discusses and comments on the recent efforts...

This article investigates causes and characteristics of urban layoff and unemployment. Chinese statistics show that the worsening urban unemployment problem is mainly caused by China's institutional changes, sectoral shifts, and cyclical fluctuations. Workers who are middle-aged, less educated,...

"Since its foundation in 1949, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has adopted several contrasting policies to address the urban housing problem. Among them have been changes in real estate tax law. The first real estate tax laws in the PRC were promulgated in January 1950. Amended several...