across education. We test this hypothesis using data from the pooled National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES …

of bilateral exports, a panel of data from 2006 through 2017, and an annual Gallup survey which asks people in up to 157 …

We implement a survey-based randomized information treatment that generates independent variation in the inflation …

element of random assignment, to validate a wide range of school quality estimates. We contrast the predictiveness of survey … enrollment. Survey data generate better predictions of school impacts on high school graduation than test scores. But school … quantify the practical value of test-based and survey-based school quality measures by simulating the effects of access to one …

supervisor evaluations, student achievement, and student or family survey responses. The reform replaced salary scales based on …