Trade is shown to increase economic growth purely through comparative advantage without recourse to scale effects, technology transfer, research and development, or even international investment. The resulting growth rates are those that would result from technology transfer, even though no...

Endogenous growth requires that non-reproducible factors of production be either augmented or eliminated. Attention heretofore has focused almost exclusively on augmentation. In contrast, we study factor elimination. In our theory, maximizing agents decide when to reduce the importance of...

We study the effects of trade on economic growth in a Schumpeterian framework. The model excludes scale effects and technology transfer, the two usual channels in the literature through which trade affects growth, leaving only comparative advantage. Comparative advantage and the trading pattern...

We introduce a new time series measure of the extent of federal regulation in the U.S. and use it to investigate the relationship between federal regulation and macroeconomic performance. We find that regulation has statistically and economically significant effects on aggregate output and the...

We construct and test a theory of how international trade and endogenous economic growth interact to affect the evolution of cross-country differences in GDP. The theory combines a second-generation endogenous growth model with a Ricardian model of trade. The driver of growth is technical...