We develop a composite indicator measuring the performance of national innovation systems. The indicator takes into account both hard factors that are quantifiable (such as R&D spending, number of patents) and soft factors like the assessment of preconditions for innovation by managers. We apply...

Coal continues to be an important fuel in many countries' energy mix and, despite the climate change concerns, it is likely to maintain this position for the next decades. In this paper a numerical model is developed to investigate the evolution of the international market for steam coal, the...