-scale linked employer-employee data set for western Germany, this paper provides a first test of the relevance of different …

unionization has become more and more similar in eastern and western Germany in the period 1992 to 2000. The originally high level … of union density in eastern Germany has dropped below that of western Germany, and union membership has been falling … individuals probability of union membership have converged over time between western and eastern Germany. After an assimilation …

unobserved intangible capital. Using EUKLEED, a comprehensive firm level data base for Germany, this theoretical preposition is …

This paper focuses on the entrepreneurial endeavors of immigrants and natives in Germany. We pay closer attention to … Germany represent about 70% of all Turkish entrepreneurs in the European Union. We identify the characteristics of the self …

There are few studies on occupational choices in Germany, and the second generation occupational choice and mobility is … like Germany occupations also reflect a general socio-economic standing. This paper looks at the patterns of employment in … Germany, analyzes how individual men and women access jobs given their family background, and investigates why men and women …

for Germany, the largest European immigration country, shows that more than 60% of the migrants are indeed repeat migrants …. The out-migration per year is low, about 10%. Migrants are more likely to leave again early after their arrival in Germany …, and when they have social and familial bonds in the home country, but less likely when they have a job in Germany and …

circular migration as it is manifested by the frequency of exits of migrants living in Germany, and by the number of years … Germany, the largest European immigration country, are indeed repeat migrants. The findings indicate that immigrants from … and to stay out of Germany for longer. Males exit more frequently than females but do not differ in the time spent out …