This Working Paper compares the Danish financial system with that of the Euro area countries using three different analytical approaches. The structure of the financial system is analyzed showing who saves, how the savings are processed to the users, and who the users of capital are. The...

Following Shimko (1993), a large amount of research has evolved around the problem of extracting risk neutral densities from options prices by interpolating the Black-Scholes implied volatility smile. Some of the methods recently proposed use variants of the cubic spline. These methods have the...

We offer a closer look at the frequency distribution of nominal price changes in the foreign exchange markets for a sample of 10 European exchange-rate pairs on the basis of a unique quarterly data set spanning 273 years. Our analysis clearly illustrates the risk of seriously underestimating the...

The impact on central macroeconomic variables from changes in the monetary-policy regime in the OECD countries in the period 1970-2005 is estimated using the difference-in-difference method. We find that both shifts to a fixed-exchange-rate policy and to inflation targeting have led to a decline...

This paper analyses the development in relative efficiency of Danish banks in the period 2001-2012. Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) techniques, we find that mean relative efficiency increased during the expansive period 2003-2007, while it decreased...

Central banks analyse issues concerning retail payments - or just payments - to be able to promote optimal means of payment. Over the years, electronic payments - i.e. payments initiated and settled electronically - have gradually replaced manual paper-based payments on the grounds of...

It is difficult to identify the driving forces behind financial market developments as they are not directly observable. The paper argues that correlations between asset prices in different markets can be used to infer which of five macroeconomic factors that drive markets (growth and inflation...