Germany was divided after World War II, many firms in the machine tool industry fled the Soviet occupied zone to prevent … expropriation. We show that the regional location decisions of these firms upon moving to western Germany were driven by non … effects are due to increased competition for local resources …

competitiveness and productivity …

This paper develops an approach to measuring the intensity of competition in international markets. The method measures … the degree of 'outside' competition faced by exporters located in one source country from firms located outside the source … a particular source country, to calculate our measure of outside competition. The measures are estimated using panel …

person. This paper studies the role of short-term cross-border labor movements for innovation by estimating the recent impact … one fourth as potent for innovation as domestic R&D spending. We show that the technological knowledge of each business … traveler matters by estimating a higher impact for travelers that originate in U.S. states with substantial innovation, such as …

employees to pursue value-enhancing innovative activities. Using patents and citations as proxies for innovation, we identify … that within a country, innovation and economic growth are fostered by stringent laws governing dismissal of employees …, especially in the more innovation-intensive sectors. Firm-level tests within the United States that exploit a discontinuity …

This paper compares the role innovation plays in productivity across the four European countries France, Germany, Spain … and the UK using firm-level data from the internationally harmonized Community Innovation Surveys (CIS3). Despite a … still rare. We apply a structural model that describes the link between Ramp;D expenditure, innovation output and …

This paper proposes a framework to account for innovation similar to the usual accounting framework in production … analysis and a measure of innovativity comparable to that of total factor productivity. This innovation accounting framework is … illustrated using micro-aggregated firm data from the first Community Innovation Surveys (CIS1) for seven European countries …

We examine productivity growth since World War II in the five leading research economies: West Germany, France, the … present a multicountry model of technological innovation and diffusion which has the implication that, for a wide range of …

Using patent data from the United States, Japan, and Germany, this paper examines both the innovation and diffusion of …) standards, both Japan and Germany introduced stringent nitrogen dioxide (NOX) standards much earlier than the US. Nonetheless … environmental regulations. Moreover, any technology transfer that occurs appears to be indirect. Domestic innovation occurs even for …