This paper examines the public sector finances of four Central American Countries in terms of revenues, expenditures and deficits for the period of 1980 to 1986. The large central government deficits are a reflection of the steady growth of current expenditures, including rising public sector...

The 1986 tax reform in Bolivia was comprehensive and highly successful. Since that time the economy has moved from a state of hyperinflation to one of economic stability and growth. As this process continues there will be a need for additional government revenues to develop social and physical...

This report studies the revenue requirement of the Government of Belize in short term as well as the tax reform measure needed to face the longer term revenue requirements of the public sector in an environment where tariffs to international trade are being reduced. The study update a similar...

The Value Added Tax (VAT) was introduced in Singapore in 1994 as a major part of an overall tax reform package and with a strong political commitment to its implementation. As the Singaporean economy has many special features that make it difficult for a generic VAT to function well, such as a...

The strategy for economic growth and development in the Kyrgyz Republic stated in the Comprehensive Development Framework (CDF) is to make the private sector the engine of growth. The CDF report also discusses mining, tourism and other export generating activities as well as domestic...

Tax analysis and forecasting of revenues are of critical importance to governments in ensuring stability in tax and expenditure policies. To augment timely and effective analysis of the revenue aspects of the fiscal policy, governments have increasingly turned toward in-house tax policy units...

The growth of value-added taxation from its first adoption in France in 1954 to its present implementation by more than 60countries is unprecedented by any other concept in taxation. While 80 nations use some form of a VAT, over 40 nations have implemented a comprehensive VAT. Its acceptance by...

Vietnam is an Asian country with a population of about 70million and annual per capita income of US $190-200. Despite its current status as one of the poorest countries in the world, it has tremendous potential for growth because of its abundant natural resources and an excellent human resource...

The 1986 tax reform in Bolivia was one of the most radical effective changes of tax policies that any country has undertaken in modern times. After the reform the country was left with a uniform rate of tariff, a uniform value added tax, a set of taxes to complement the vat, a set of excise...

The tax reforms that took place in Latin America in the 1980’s were designed primarily to enhance revenue collections and provide more stability in the revenue systems. This generally involved placing a greater reliance on value added type taxes, a rationalization and reduction in the number...