The National Treatment clause (NT) is the first-line defense in the GATT (and in most other trade agreements) against …. Furthermore, it requires a high degree of economic sophistication on behalf of trade negotiators in order for this beneficial …

extent of trade conflict resolution within the WTO. Both the SPS and TBT Committees address a significant number of ‘specific … trade concerns’ (STCs) that in the overwhelming majority of cases do not become formal disputes. The STCs address … appears as if Committee work on STCs significantly helps defuse potential trade frictions concerning national policies in the …