Council - was reached after a long-lasting discourse over the 2030 EU climate and energy policy package. This paper offers a … final energy consumption, and improved energy efficiency. We find that the renewable and energy efficiency targets have been …

environmental advantage over other fossil fuels. Using the World Gas Model, a large-scale energy equilibrium system based on a …

Energy development is an integral part of enhanced economic development. The fact that expanded provision and use of … energy services is strongly associated with economic development leaves open how important energy is as a causal factor in … economic development, however; and energy development competes with other opportunities for scarce capital and opportunities …

In this paper, we introduce a new top-down approach to modeling the effects of publicly financed energy …

) and energy efficiency (EE) investments. We specify a model that relates electricity demand to previous EE DSM spending …, energy prices, income, weather, and other demand factors. In contrast to previous studies, we allow EE DSM spending to have a … that time period and 1.8 percent savings over all years. These energy savings came at an expected average cost to utilities …

Despite several decades of government policies to promote energy efficiency, estimates of the costs and benefits of … such policies remain controversial. At the heart of the controversy is whether there is an "energy efficiency gap," whereby … consumers and firms fail to make seemingly positive net present value energy saving investments. High implicit discount rates …

The failure of consumers to make seemingly cost-effective investments in energy efficiency is commonly referred to as … the energy efficiency gap. We review the most recent literature relevant to the energy efficiency gap and in particular … explanations for the gap differ across energy users and energy uses. This heterogeneity poses challenges for policymakers, but also …

of adoption and transition. Our findings have important implications for policies aiming at promotion of energy …