-effective way to identify income-poor beneficiaries of targeted anti-poverty programs. However, their usefulness depends on whether …-parametric regression-techniques, we show that the resulting leakage can largely be confined to the non-poor close to the poverty line …. However, simulating the impact on poverty measures of a uniform transfer to beneficiaries across inclusion rates suggests that …

implications for our understanding of inequality, poverty, inclusivity of growth and development, world economic welfare, and the … poverty has declined greatly but by others it has hardly declined at all, even over the fifty years. The global middle class …

A key question in the design of anti-poverty programs is to what extent they should be targeted. Empirical evaluations … based on an imperfect poverty classifier based on proxy means tests results in very distinct 'optimal' beneficiary shares … when these measures are used as a decision criterion. Implications from poverty simulations are sensitive to assumptions …