The paper proves that the Bayesian approach to learning and expectations formation implies no propositions that could conceivably be refuted by observation. For a (non-expanding) universe infinite in time but finite at any point of time, it is shown that by a suitable choice of priors, any...

Der Aufsatz befaßt sich mit der Frage, wie Theoreme der mathematischen Ökonomie getestet werden können und welche Rolle unrealistische Annahmen bei diesen Tests spielen. Als Beispiel dienen die bekannten Theoreme der neoklassischen Außenhandelstheorie, das Faktorpreisausgleichstheorem und...

The double-dividend argument (as used in political debates) addresses worries that a green tax may lead to higher unemployment when wages are inflexible. As protection against this possibility, it is proposed to use the proceeds of the green tax to subsidize employment. In the best case, this...