the inflation tax. Accordingly, continued effort is likely to be needed to attain a fiscal position that is sustainable …

periods. These changes are too large and too sudden to attribute fully to a deterioration in tax administration or to changes … in the traditional determinants of tax levels. The paper argues that they should be attributed mostly to macroeconomic … policies. The paper discusses the connection between tax levels and (a) the real value of the official exchange rate, (b …

Year-ahead forecasts of tax revenues incorporated into IMF programs for low-income countries, from 1993 to 1999, are … percent. Forecasts of tax revenues as a percentage of GDP were biased upwards, but there was no significant bias in forecasts … of nominal tax revenues. Upward bias in the tax revenue forecasts was associated with subsequent interruptions to the …

This paper examines the role of tax administration in developing countries from an economic perspective. The … traditional separation of tax policy and tax administration in the literature is shown to break down in developing countries …, where tax administrators decide in what manner complicated tax legislation should actually be applied. After surveying …